Multiportal Combined Endoscopic Endonasal and Transorbital Pathways: Qualitative and Quantitative Anatomic Studies of the "Connection" Skull Base Areas.

The combined endonasal and transorbital endoscopic approach is an innovative entity of skull base neurosurgery. From the anatomic point of view, our study demonstrated the feasibility of this combined approach to access the entire skull base, by both corridors, identifying a working connection area in each cranial fossa. These data could be extremely useful during the surgical planning to predict which portion of a lesion could be removed through each route and to optimize patients' care.