Are online prediction tools a valid alternative to genomic profiling in the context of systemic treatment of ER-positive breast cancer?
Umar WazirKinan MokbelAmtul CarmichaelKefah MokbelPublished in: Cellular & molecular biology letters (2017)
Early breast cancer is currently considered a systemic disease and a complex ecosystem with behaviour determined by the complex genetic and molecular signatures of the tumour cells, mammary stem cells, microenvironment and host immune system. We anticipate that molecular profiling will continue to evolve, expanding beyond the primary tumour to include the tumour microenvironment, cancer stem cells and host immune system. This should further refine therapeutic decisions and optimise clinical outcome. This article was specially invited by the editors and represents work by leading researchers.
Keyphrases
- stem cells
- positive breast cancer
- cancer stem cells
- early breast cancer
- induced apoptosis
- genome wide
- single cell
- copy number
- climate change
- cell cycle arrest
- single molecule
- gene expression
- healthcare
- combination therapy
- human health
- estrogen receptor
- endoplasmic reticulum
- mesenchymal stem cells
- bone marrow
- risk assessment
- signaling pathway