Derivation and external validation of a risk prediction algorithm to estimate future risk of cardiovascular death among patients with type 2 diabetes and incident diabetic nephropathy: prospective cohort study.

A new risk score based on routine clinical measurements that quantified individual risk of cardiovascular death was developed and externally validated. Compared with the UKPDS risk score, which underestimated the cardiovascular disease risk, the new score is a more specific tool for patients with type 2 diabetes and DN. The score could work as a tool to identify individuals at the highest risk of cardiovascular death among those with DN.