ECMO in Trauma Care: What You Need to Know.
Meaghan FlatleyValerie G SamsMauer BiscottiShyam J DeshpandeAsad A UsmanJeremy W CannonPublished in: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery (2023)
Over the past ten years, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use in trauma patients has increased significantly. This includes adult and pediatric trauma patients and even combat casualties. Most ECMO applications are in a venovenous (VV ECMO) configuration for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure or anatomic injuries that require pneumonectomy or extreme lung rest in a patient with insufficient respiratory reserve. In this narrative review, we summarize the most common indications for VV ECMO and other forms of ECMO support used in critically injured patients, underscore the importance of early ECMO consultation or regional referral, review the technical aspects of ECMO cannulation and management, and examine the expected outcomes for these patients. In addition, we evaluate the data where it exists to try to debunk some common myths surrounding ECMO management.
Keyphrases
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- respiratory failure
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- trauma patients
- end stage renal disease
- mechanical ventilation
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- peritoneal dialysis
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- climate change
- metabolic syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- adipose tissue
- patient reported outcomes
- drug induced