Generated temperatures and thermal laser damage during upper tract endourological procedures using the holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser: a systematic review of experimental studies.
Patrick RiceBhaskar Kumar SomaniUdo NageleThomas R W HerrmannB M Zeeshan HameedPublished in: World journal of urology (2022)
Open irrigation systems, chilled irrigation, UASs, laser power < 40 W, and shorter on/off laser activation intervals help to keep intrarenal temperatures at accepted values during URS and PCNL.
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