Association of maternal polygenic risk scores for mental illness with perinatal risk factors for offspring mental illness.

We examined whether genetic risk for mental illness is associated with known perinatal risk factors for offspring mental illness to determine whether gene-environmental correlation might account for the associations of perinatal factors with mental illness. Among 8983 women with 19,733 pregnancies, we found that genetic risk for mental illness was associated with any smoking during pregnancy [attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overall genetic risk], breast-feeding for less than 1 month (ADHD, depression, and overall genetic risk), experience of intimate partner violence in the year before the birth (depression and overall genetic risk), and pregestational overweight or obesity (bipolar disorder). These results indicate that genetic risk may partly account for the association between perinatal conditions and mental illness in offspring.