HLA-DRB1*15:01 is a co-receptor for Epstein-Barr virus, linking genetic and environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis.

The strongest genetic and environmental risk factors for MS, an inflammatory CNS disease, are HLA-DRB1*15:01 and EBV. This work shows that HLA-DRB1*15:01 acts as a co-receptor for EBV infection of a B cell line, suggesting a mechanistic link between both risk factors for MS.