Radical cystectomy in frail octogenarians in thoracic continuous spinal anesthesia and analgesia: a pilot study.

Management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in older patients is becoming an important issue due to the continuous aging of the population. Age should not preclude RC, but careful management is mandatory because perioperative morbidity and mortality are increased in the elderly. Our preliminary results show that CSA and analgesia is a feasible option as an additional way to reduce morbidity and mortality in frail octogenarians who require RC.