Association of smoking, lung function and COPD in COVID-19 risk: a two-step Mendelian randomization study.

Shiu Lun Ryan Au Yeung Albert Martin Li Baoting He Kin On On Kwok Catherine Mary Schooling

Published in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) (2022)

There is genetic evidence that smoking probably increases the risk of severe COVID-19 and possibly also milder forms of COVID-19. Decreased lung function and increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease do not seem to mediate the effect of smoking on COVID-19 risk.

Keyphrases

lung function
coronavirus disease
sars cov
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
cystic fibrosis
air pollution
smoking cessation
respiratory syndrome coronavirus
early onset
gene expression
dna methylation
genome wide