Treatment pathways, economic burden and clinical outcomes in new users of inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting B 2 -agonist dual therapy with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a primary care setting in England: a retrospective cohort study.

In the year following treatment initiation, ICS/LABA adherence was poor and many patients discontinued or switched therapies, suggesting that more consideration and optimisation of treatment is required in England for patients initiating single-device ICS/LABA therapy.