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In Vitro Leishmanicidal Activity of Copaiba Oil and Kojic Acid Combination on the Protozoan Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Host Cell.

Lienne Silveira de MoraesAdan Jesús Galué-ParraAmanda Anastácia Pinto HageHévila Aragão MouraMarcus Savio Araujo GarciaCaroline Gomes MacêdoAna Paula Drummond RodriguesGiselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro GuilhonEdilene Oliveira da Silva
Published in: Microorganisms (2023)
(1) Background: Leishmaniasis refers to a group of anthropozoonotic diseases caused by Leishmania. The major chemotherapeutic agent used for its treatment is Glucantime ®® , but the search continues for new compounds that are economically viable and act on the protozoan without causing damage to the host cell. As an alternative approach, this study used a combination of copaiba oil (CO) and kojic acid (KA) to determine their in vitro action on host cells, on the Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis protozoan and its interaction with macrophages. (2) Methods: In vitro culture, analysis of cytokine release and microscopy assays were performed. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA (GraphPad Prism). (3) Results: The combination did not induce cytotoxic effects on macrophages after treatment but promoted morphological changes in the protozoan, such as nuclear alterations (apoptotic characteristics), alterations in the cellular body and an increase in the number of electrodense structures and acidocalcisomes, observed mainly at the concentrations of CO20KA50 and CO30KA50 μg/mL. We observed reductions in the intracellular amastigote number and in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, after treatment with CO30KA at 50 µg/mL. (4) Conclusions: We report here, for the first time, that the combination of CO and KA may be a promising approach against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis .
Keyphrases
  • single cell
  • high resolution
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • cell therapy
  • cell death
  • mass spectrometry
  • stem cells
  • cell proliferation
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • cell cycle arrest
  • anti inflammatory
  • reactive oxygen species