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Gut Mycobiota Dysbiosis Is Associated with Melanoma and Response to Anti-PD-1 Therapy.

Natalia SzóstakLuiza HandschuhAnna Samelak-CzajkaKatarzyna TomelaBernadeta PietrzakMarcin SchmidtŁukasz GalusJacek MackiewiczAndrzej Adam MackiewiczKozłowski PiotrAnna Philips
Published in: Cancer immunology research (2024)
Recent research indicates that gut microbiota may be vital in the advancement of melanoma. In this study, we found that melanoma patients exhibited a distinct gut mycobiota structure compared with healthy participants. Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Neurospora crassa were more abundant in samples from patients with melanoma, whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Debaryomyces hansenii were less abundant. During anti-PD-1 treatment, the relative amount of Malassezia restricta and C. albicans increased. A higher level of Saccharomyces paradoxus was associated with a positive response to anti-PD-1 treatment, whereas a higher level of Tetrapisispora blattae was associated with a lack of clinical benefits. High levels of M. restricta and C. albicans, elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase, and being overweight were linked to increased risk of melanoma progression and poorer response to anti-PD-1 treatment. Thus, this study has revealed melanoma-associated mycobiome dysbiosis, characterized by altered fungal composition and fungi species associated with a higher risk of melanoma progression, identifying a role for the gut mycobiome in melanoma progression.
Keyphrases
  • candida albicans
  • skin cancer
  • saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • physical activity
  • newly diagnosed
  • escherichia coli
  • bone marrow
  • chronic kidney disease
  • replacement therapy
  • cell wall