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Multimodal functional deep learning for multiomics data.

Yuan ZhouPei GengShan ZhangFeifei XiaoGuoshuai CaiLi Chennull nullQing Lu
Published in: Briefings in bioinformatics (2024)
With rapidly evolving high-throughput technologies and consistently decreasing costs, collecting multimodal omics data in large-scale studies has become feasible. Although studying multiomics provides a new comprehensive approach in understanding the complex biological mechanisms of human diseases, the high dimensionality of omics data and the complexity of the interactions among various omics levels in contributing to disease phenotypes present tremendous analytical challenges. There is a great need of novel analytical methods to address these challenges and to facilitate multiomics analyses. In this paper, we propose a multimodal functional deep learning (MFDL) method for the analysis of high-dimensional multiomics data. The MFDL method models the complex relationships between multiomics variants and disease phenotypes through the hierarchical structure of deep neural networks and handles high-dimensional omics data using the functional data analysis technique. Furthermore, MFDL leverages the structure of the multimodal model to capture interactions between different types of omics data. Through simulation studies and real-data applications, we demonstrate the advantages of MFDL in terms of prediction accuracy and its robustness to the high dimensionality and noise within the data.
Keyphrases
  • data analysis
  • electronic health record
  • big data
  • deep learning
  • single cell
  • high throughput
  • machine learning
  • gene expression
  • mass spectrometry
  • air pollution
  • genome wide
  • induced pluripotent stem cells