Topical ophthalmic atropine in horses, pharmacokinetics and effect on intestinal motility.

Taking the plasma exposure after topical administration into consideration, data and simulations indicate that eye drops administrated at a one and three hour interval will lead to atropine accumulation in plasma over 24 h but that a six hour interval allows total washout of atropine between two topical administrations. If constant corneal and conjunctival atropine exposure is required, a topical constant rate infusion at 5 μg/kg/24 h offers a safe alternative.