Cortisol awakening response in bipolar patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Alessio Maria MonteleoneGiulia D'AgostinoGiammarco CascinoFrancesca MarcielloPalmiero MonteleoneMario MajPublished in: The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (2021)
Our results show that the CAR of patients with BD is reduced in terms of overall cortisol production but normal in terms of cortisol reactivity independently from the occurrence of comorbid T2DM. The dampened CAR points to a tuning down of the functioning of the HPA axis. in both euglycemic and diabetic BD patients, which may be a factor of vulnerability, since a preserved HPA axis functioning is essential to deal with stressors, which may precipitate affective episodes.