Thyroglossal duct cyst in the superior mediastinum.

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are congenital anomalies that originate from the embryonic thyroglossal duct. Here, we present an atypical case of a thyroglossal cyst of the superior mediastinum with a small cervical extension. A male patient presenting with vague symptoms of retrosternal discomfort and cough was evaluated with computed tomography (CT) thorax. It was revealed to be a mediastinal mass. An excision biopsy of the mass under general anesthesia revealed it to be a thyroglossal duct cyst. TGDC of the mediastinum is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in a patient of Indian origin and the fifth such case reported worldwide.