Curcumin and capsaicin regulate apoptosis and alleviate intestinal inflammation induced by Clostridioides difficile in vitro.

The results of the present study highlighted that CCM and CAP can modulate the inflammatory response and apoptotic effects induced by Tox-S from different clinical C. difficile strains in vitro. Further studies are required to accurately explore the anti-toxin activity of natural components, and their probable adverse risks in clinical practice.