Cytokine-induced killer cells mediated pathways in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Farimah FayyazNiloufar YazdanpanahNima RezaeiPublished in: Cell communication and signaling : CCS (2022)
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is a type of adoptive immunotherapy that due to its high proliferation rate and anti-tumor characteristics, is being investigated to treat various solid tumors. Since advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) has high mortality and poor survival rates, and the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is limited in treatment, the application of CIK cell therapy in CRC has been evaluated in numerous studies. This review aims to summarize the clinical studies that investigated the safety and clinical efficacy of CIK cell therapy in CRC. Therefore, 1,969 enrolled CRC patients in the clinical trials, of which 842 patients received CIK cells in combination with chemotherapy with or without dendritic cell (DC) infusions, were included in the present review. Furthermore, the signaling pathways involved in CIK cell therapy and novel methods for improving migration abilities are discussed. Video abstract.
Keyphrases
- cell therapy
- stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- induced apoptosis
- clinical trial
- end stage renal disease
- dendritic cells
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- signaling pathway
- locally advanced
- prognostic factors
- squamous cell carcinoma
- early stage
- radiation therapy
- cell cycle arrest
- regulatory t cells
- cardiovascular events
- patient reported outcomes
- oxidative stress
- coronary artery disease
- high resolution
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- radiation induced
- atomic force microscopy
- endothelial cells
- smoking cessation