Tobacco smoking decreases clinical symptoms of gingivitis in patients with type 1 diabetes-a cross-sectional study.
Mateusz TarnowskiAnna Duda-SobczakJakub LipskiDorota Zozulinska-ZiolkiewiczMarzena Liliana WyganowskaPublished in: Oral diseases (2018)
Patients with type 1 diabetes smoking cigarettes presented lower gingival sulcus bleeding and worse metabolic control of diabetes than nonsmoking patients.
Keyphrases
- smoking cessation
- end stage renal disease
- type diabetes
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- cardiovascular disease
- peritoneal dialysis
- prognostic factors
- physical activity
- patient reported outcomes
- adipose tissue
- replacement therapy
- sleep quality
- skeletal muscle
- depressive symptoms
- patient reported
- weight loss