Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of transfusion-associated circulatory overload in a mixed intensive care unit population: a nested case-control study.

The incidence of TACO is high in a mixed intensive care unit population. The risk factors identified for TACO are cardiac failure, renal failure, and degree of positive fluid balance. A positive fluid balance may be less essential in the onset of TACO than in the onset of circulatory overload in the absence of transfusion.