Interplay between Prostate Cancer and Adipose Microenvironment: A Complex and Flexible Scenario.
Mathilde CancelWilliam PouillotKarine MahéoAlix FontaineDavid CrottèsGaëlle FromontPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Adipose tissue is part of the prostate cancer (PCa) microenvironment not only in the periprostatic area, but also in the most frequent metastatic sites, such as bone marrow and pelvic lymph nodes. The involvement of periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) in the aggressiveness of PCa is strongly suggested by numerous studies. Many molecules play a role in the reciprocal interaction between adipocytes and PCa cells, including adipokines, hormones, lipids, and also lipophilic pollutants stored in adipocytes. The crosstalk has consequences not only on cancer cell growth and metastatic potential, but also on adipocytes. Although most of the molecules released by PPAT are likely to promote tumor growth and the migration of cancer cells, others, such as the adipokine adiponectin and the n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), have been shown to have anti-tumor properties. The effects of PPAT on PCa cells might therefore depend on the balance between the pro- and anti-tumor components of PPAT. In addition, genetic and environmental factors involved in the risk and/or aggressiveness of PCa, including obesity and diet, are able to modulate the interactions between PPAT and cancer cells and their consequences on the growth and the metastatic potential of PCa.
Keyphrases
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- prostate cancer
- induced apoptosis
- small cell lung cancer
- squamous cell carcinoma
- high fat diet
- bone marrow
- lymph node
- high fat diet induced
- cell cycle arrest
- radical prostatectomy
- metabolic syndrome
- stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- physical activity
- type diabetes
- gene expression
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- human health
- rectal cancer
- genome wide
- risk assessment
- weight gain
- room temperature
- dna methylation
- climate change
- skeletal muscle
- heavy metals
- cell proliferation
- sentinel lymph node
- anti inflammatory
- locally advanced