Sars-Cov-2 Infection in Patients on Long-Term Treatment with Macrolides in Spain: A National Cross-Sectional Study.
Carmen Marina Meseguer BarrosNatalia Alzueta IsturizRita Sainz de Rozas AparicioRafael Aguilella VizcaínoLaura López EstebanSonia Anaya OrdóñezItxasne Lekue AlkortaSalvadora Martín SuancesJorge Ignacio Jiménez ArceMaite Fernández VicenteYolanda Borrego IzquierdoRaquel Prieto SánchezSilvia Casado CasusoRosa MadridejosCarmen Marquina VerdeRosa Tomás SanzMaría Oro FernándezSara Gallardo BorgeEva Lázaro LópezMaría Belén Pina GadeaMercedes Pereira PíaMaría Victoria Maestre-SánchezEsther Ribes-MurilloConstanza Gómez de OñaMaría Jesús LallanaConcepción Celaya LeceaMaría Ana Prado PrietoAranzazu Aranguez RuizVicente Olmo QuintanaNoemí Villén RomeroCarolina Payá GinerAngeles Lloret CallejoAlvaro Fernández FerreiroBlanca Basagoiti CarreñoAna Aurelia Iglesias IglesiasAntonio Martín AlonsoAna Díez AlcántaraEsther Marco TejónMarta Lestón VázquezMª Ángeles Ariza CopadoMarta Aparicio CuevaBelén Escudero VilaplanaMarisa NiciezaGracia Picazo SanchizGenma María Silva RiádigosLucía Jamart SánchezÁngel García ÁlvarezAntonio García BonillaRafael Herrero DelicadoVirginia Arroyo PinedaBelén de la HijaAmelia Troncoso MariñoIsabel Tofiño GonzálezMónica Susana Mateu GarcíaPablo García VázquezJoaquín Pérez MartínRocío Fernández-UrrusunoPublished in: Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with long-term macrolides and to describe the factors associated with worse outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Primary Care setting. Patients with macrolides dispensed continuously from 1 October 2019 to 31 March 2020, were considered. Main outcome: diagnosis of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Secondary outcomes: symptoms, severity, characteristics of patients, comorbidities, concomitant treatments. A total of 3057 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median age: 73 (64-81) years; 55% were men; 62% smokers/ex-smokers; 56% obese/overweight. Overall, 95% of patients had chronic respiratory diseases and four comorbidities as a median. Prevalence of COVID-19: 4.8%. This was in accordance with official data during the first wave of the pandemic. The most common symptoms were respiratory: shortness of breath, cough, and pneumonia. Additionally, 53% percent of patients had mild/moderate symptoms, 28% required hospital admission, and 19% died with COVID-19. The percentage of patients hospitalized and deaths were 2.6 and 5.8 times higher, respectively, in the COVID-19 group (p < 0.001). There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of long-term courses of macrolides in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection or the progression to worse outcomes in old patients with underlying chronic respiratory diseases and a high burden of comorbidity.
Keyphrases
- coronavirus disease
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- primary care
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- sars cov
- peritoneal dialysis
- healthcare
- physical activity
- adipose tissue
- weight loss
- patient reported outcomes
- emergency department
- bariatric surgery
- machine learning
- skeletal muscle
- electronic health record
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- quality improvement