Impact of Energy and Access Methods on Extrahepatic Tumor Spreading and the Ablation Zone: An Ex vivo Experiment Using a Subcapsular Tumor Model.

Low-power RF ablation with parallel access is proposed to be effective and safe from extrahepatic tumor spreading in RF ablation of a solid hepatic tumor in the subcapsular location. Perpendicular placement of an electrode to the capsule is associated with a risk of extrahepatic tumor spreading regardless of the power applied.