Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries.
Piotr SorokowskiAgnieszka SorokowskaMaciej KarwowskiAgata GroyeckaToivo AavikGrace AkelloCharlotte AlmNaumana AmjadAfifa AnjumKelly AsaoChiemezie S AtamaDerya Atamtürk DuyarRichard AyebareCarlota BatresMons BendixenAicha BensafiaBoris BizumicMahmoud BoussenaDavid M BussMarina L ButovskayaSeda CanKatarzyna CantareroAntonin CarrierHakan CetinkayaDominika ChabinDaniel Conroy-BeamIlona CroyRosa María CuetoMarcin CzubDaria DronovaSeda DuralIzzet DuyarBerna ErtuğrulAgustín EspinosaIgnacio EstevanCarla Sofia EstevesTomasz FrackowiakJorge Contreras GraduñoFarida GuemazTran Ha ThuMária HaľamováIskra HerakMarina HorvatIvana HromatkoChin-Ming HuiJas Laile JaafarFeng JiangKonstantinos KafetsiosTina KavcicLeif Edward Ottesen KennairNicolas KervynNils C KöbisAleksandra KosticAnna KrasnodębskaAndrás LángGeorgina R LennardErnesto LeónTorun LindholmGulia LopezMohammad Madallh AlhabahbaAlvaro MailhosZoi ManesiRocio MartinezMario SainzSarah L McKercharNorbert MeskóGirishwar MisraConal MonaghanEmanuel C MoraAlba Moya-GarófanoBojan MusilJean Carlos NatividadeGeorge NizharadzeElisabeth OberzaucherAnna OleszkiewiczMohd Sofian Omar FauzeeIke E OnyishiBarış ÖzenerAriela Francesca PaganiVilmante PakalniskieneMiriam PariseBogusław PawłowskiFarid PazhoohiMarija PejičićAnnette PisanskiKatarzyna PisanskiNejc PlohlEdna PoncianoCamelia PopaPavol ProkopAneta PrzepiórkaTruong Quang LamMuhammad RizwanJoanna Różycka-TranSvjetlana SalkičevićRuta SargautyteIvan Sarmany-SchullerSusanne SchmehlAnam ShahidRizwana ShaikhShivantika SharadFranco SimonettiMeri TadinacHa Truong Thi KhanhKarina Ugalde GonzálezChristin-Melanie VauclairLuis Diego VegaDwi Ajeng WidariniBogdan WojciszkeGyesook YooZainab Fotowwat ZadehMarta ZaťkováMaja ZupančičRobert J SternbergPublished in: Journal of sex research (2020)
The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale - STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.