Children's Urinary Environmental Carbon Load. A Novel Marker Reflecting Residential Ambient Air Pollution Exposure?
Nelly D SaenenHannelore BoveChristian SteuweMaarten B J RoeffaersEline B ProvostWouter LefebvreCharlotte VanpouckeMarcel AmelootTim S NawrotPublished in: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine (2017)
Urinary black carbon mirrors the accumulation of medium-term to chronic exposure to combustion-related air pollution. This specific biomarker reflects internal systemic black carbon particles cleared from the circulation into the urine, allowing investigators to unravel the complexity of particulate-related health effects.