Recent Progress in Porphyrin/g-C 3 N 4 Composite Photocatalysts for Solar Energy Utilization and Conversion.

Transforming solar energy into chemical bonds is a promising and viable way to store solar energy. Porphyrins are natural light-capturing antennas, and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is an effective, artificially synthesized organic semiconductor. Their excellent complementarity has led to a growing number of research papers on porphyrin/g-C 3 N 4 hybrids for solar energy utilization. This review highlights the recent progress in porphyrin/g-C 3 N 4 composites, including: (1) porphyrin molecules/g-C 3 N 4 composite photocatalysts connected via noncovalent or covalent interactions, and (2) porphyrin-based nanomaterials/g-C 3 N 4 composite photocatalysts, such as porphyrin-based MOF/g-C 3 N 4 , porphyrin-based COF/g-C 3 N 4 , and porphyrin-based assembly/g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction nanostructures. Additionally, the review discusses the versatile applications of these composites, including artificial photosynthesis for hydrogen evolution, CO 2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. Lastly, critical summaries and perspectives on the challenges and future directions in this field are also provided.