Concomitant Medications Alter Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Digestive Tract Cancer Receiving PD-1 Checkpoint Inhibitors Combined with Antiangiogenetic Agents.

Patients with advanced digestive tract cancer who were administered PPIs for gastritis/GERD indication, anticoagulants, or probiotics in combination with PD-1 inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents experienced improved clinical outcomes. However, opioid administration was linked to reduced OS in patients receiving combined therapy.