Transforming growth factor-β-induced secretion of extracellular vesicles from oral cancer cells evokes endothelial barrier instability via endothelial-mesenchymal transition.

EVs released from oral cancer cells that underwent TGF-β-induced EMT target endothelial cells to induce vascular destabilization. Detailed characterization of oral cancer-derived EVs and factors responsible for EV-mediated vascular instability will lead to the development of agents targeting metastasis.