Adverse Drug Reactions in Japanese Patients with End-Stage Heart Failure Receiving Continuous Morphine Infusion: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Our results showed that 37% of patients with end-stage HF receiving continuous intravenous/subcutaneous morphine infusion experienced ADRs, especially drowsiness. Patients with eGFR < 32 mL/min/1.73 m2 were likely to experience morphine-related ADRs.