Surviving cardiac arrest from severe metformin-associated lactic acidosis using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and double continuous venovenous haemodialysis.
Kirstine Krushave AkkaouiLjubica Vukelic AndersenMartin Agge NørgaardJo Bønding AndreasenPublished in: BMJ case reports (2023)
Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a serious condition with high mortality. This case describes a man in the mid-60s with diabetes mellitus type 2 treated with metformin developing MALA 4 days after coronary stenting for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. He presented acutely with severe abdominal pain, a lactate of 19 mmol/L and pH 6.74. Despite treatment for MALA, he went into refractory cardiac arrest and was connected to venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). He suffered a massive haemothorax due to perforation of the right atrial appendage. It was repaired through a sternotomy while being given massive blood transfusions. The following days, he was on VA-ECMO and double continuous venovenous haemodialysis (CVVHD). He survived with only mild paresis of the left hand. VA-ECMO should be considered a rescue therapy alongside treatment with CVVHD in case of cardiac arrest due to severe MALA.
Keyphrases
- antiplatelet therapy
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- st elevation myocardial infarction
- cardiac arrest
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- atrial fibrillation
- respiratory failure
- early onset
- abdominal pain
- mechanical ventilation
- stem cells
- peritoneal dialysis
- chronic kidney disease
- type diabetes
- heart failure
- combination therapy
- drug induced
- cardiovascular disease
- risk factors
- newly diagnosed
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement