Ablation Strategies for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Beyond the Pulmonary Veins.
Omar J BaqalAreez ShafqatNarathorn KulthamrongsriNeysa SanghaviShruti K IyengarHema S VemulapalliHicham Z El MasryPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2024)
Despite advances in ablative therapies, outcomes remain less favorable for persistent atrial fibrillation often due to presence of non-pulmonary vein triggers and abnormal atrial substrates. This review highlights advances in ablation technologies and notable scientific literature on clinical outcomes associated with pursuing adjunctive ablation targets and substrate modification during persistent atrial fibrillation ablation, while also highlighting notable future directions.
Keyphrases
- catheter ablation
- atrial fibrillation
- left atrial
- left atrial appendage
- oral anticoagulants
- direct oral anticoagulants
- heart failure
- radiofrequency ablation
- pulmonary hypertension
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- type diabetes
- coronary artery disease
- acute coronary syndrome
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- skeletal muscle