Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment: a meta-analysis.

Aim: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to assess the impact of Helicobacter pylori  infection on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Materials & methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE databases were systematically searched up to 1 February 2023. Results: Three studies comprising 263 patients treated with ICIs were included. The results of pooled analysis showed that H. pylori infection was associated with reduced overall survival and progression-free survival. Furthermore, the rate of progressive disease after administration of ICIs was higher in H. pylori -positive patients relative to H. pylori -negative patients. Conclusion: H. pylori infection status is a novel potential response biomarker for predicting the efficacy of ICIs in different cancers.