Diabetes mellitus, energy metabolism and COVID-19.
Caterina ConteElisa CipponeriMichael RodenPublished in: Endocrine reviews (2023)
Obesity, diabetes mellitus (mostly type 2) and COVID-19 show mutual interactions, as they are not only risk factors for both acute and chronic COVID-19 manifestations, but also because COVID-19 alters energy metabolism. Such metabolic alterations can lead to dysglycemia and long-lasting effects. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential for a further rise of the diabetes pandemic. This review outlines how pre-existing metabolic alterations spanning from excess visceral adipose tissue to hyperglycemia and overt diabetes may exacerbate COVID-19 severity. We also summarize the different effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the key organs and tissues orchestrating energy metabolism, including adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas. Lastly, we provide an integrative view of the metabolic derangements that occur during COVID-19. Altogether, this review shall allow for better understanding of the metabolic derangements occurring when a fire starts from a small flame, and thereby help reducing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keyphrases
- coronavirus disease
- sars cov
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- skeletal muscle
- glycemic control
- cardiovascular disease
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- gene expression
- liver failure
- oxidative stress
- mass spectrometry
- climate change
- drug induced
- risk assessment
- mechanical ventilation