The apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) is a crucial target for malaria management and prevention strategies. While the immunogenicity of AMA-1 has been extensively studied for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, there is a notable scarcity of information for Plasmodium malariae. In this study, recombinant PmAMA-1 was expressed in Escherichia coli, and its integrity was confirmed via western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Immunization of BALB/c mice with rPmAMA-1 emulsified in Freund's adjuvant resulted in significantly elevated specific IgG antibodies, predominantly IgG1. The immune response exhibited Th1, Th2, and Th17 phenotypes, with a notable Th1 bias. Antisera from immunized mice effectively recognized native PmAMA-1 on P. malariae. These results suggest that PmAMA-1 is a promising target for both vaccine development and diagnostic applications for P. malariae infections, offering dual preventive and diagnostic benefits in malaria control.
Keyphrases
- plasmodium falciparum
- escherichia coli
- immune response
- high fat diet induced
- early stage
- multidrug resistant
- south africa
- cell free
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- dendritic cells
- adipose tissue
- risk assessment
- insulin resistance
- cystic fibrosis
- skeletal muscle
- type diabetes
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- biofilm formation
- health information
- wild type
- african american
- single cell