Effects of orally administered hormonal contraceptives on the musculoskeletal system of healthy premenopausal women-A systematic review.

The anabolic effect could be beneficial for specific sports, whereas reduced muscle regeneration could be disadvantageous for women exercising with high-performance demands. The different effects on tendons and ligaments and the functional consequences of altered ligament and muscle stiffness, especially with regard to synthetic hormones, should be further investigated.