In Situ and Quantitatively Imaging of Heat-Induced Oxidative State and Oxidative Damage of Living Neurons Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.
Junjie ZhangYulin LiuYabei LiTong ZhuJinbin QiuFeng XuHua ZhangFei LiPublished in: Small methods (2022)
Central nervous system is sensitive and vulnerable to heat. Oxidative state and oxidative damage of neurons under heat stress are vital for understanding early consequences and mechanisms of heat-related neuronal injury, which remains elusive partly due to the technical challenge of in situ and quantitative monitoring methods. Herein, a temperature-controlled scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) platform with programmable pulse potential and depth scan modes is developed for in situ and quantitatively monitoring of oxygen consumption, extracellular hydrogen peroxide level, and cell membrane permeability of neurons under thermal microenvironment of 37-42 °C. The SECM results show that neuronal oxygen consumption reaches a maximum at 40 °C and then decreases, extracellular H 2 O 2 level increases from 39 °C, and membrane permeability increases from 2.0 ± 0.6 × 10 -5 to 7.2 ± 0.8 × 10 -5 m s -1 from 39 to 42 °C. The therapeutic effect on oxidative damage of neurons under hyperthermia conditions (40-42 °C) is further evaluated by SECM and fluorescence methods, which can be partially alleviated by the potent antioxidant edaravone. This work realizes in situ and quantitatively observing the heat-induced oxidative state and oxidative damage of living neurons using SECM for the first time, which results can contribute to a better understanding of the heat-related cellular injury mechanism.
Keyphrases
- heat stress
- high resolution
- spinal cord
- hydrogen peroxide
- heat shock
- single molecule
- gold nanoparticles
- optical coherence tomography
- label free
- diabetic rats
- high throughput
- high glucose
- stem cells
- oxidative stress
- nitric oxide
- blood pressure
- computed tomography
- drug induced
- high speed
- endothelial cells
- ionic liquid
- spinal cord injury
- molecularly imprinted
- photodynamic therapy
- brain injury
- magnetic resonance
- cerebrospinal fluid
- energy transfer
- human health
- risk assessment
- climate change
- tandem mass spectrometry