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A {Cu 2 I 3 - } ∞ chain hybrid with two-step phase transition, switchable dielectrics, thermochromism and piezochromism.

Qing-Qing LiXue-Wei PanJin ZhangLu ZhaiXiao-Ming Ren
Published in: Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) (2023)
Stimuli-responsive smart materials have applications in a range of technologies. Herein, we present a hybrid (1), built from Me 3 EtN + organic cations and {Cu 2 I 3 - } ∞ inorganic chains with Cu⋯Cu metal⋯metal interactions. The two-step phase transition undergone in 1 on the first heating and the phase transition at a lower temperature show symmetry-broken features, leading to switchable dielectrics; the one at a higher temperature displays isomorphic characteristics. Besides the switchable dielectrics, 1 exhibited other multi-stimuli-responsive functionalities, including thermochromism and piezochromism. Combining temperature-dependent powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, as well as variable-temperature UV-visible absorption spectrum and EPR spectrum analyses, it is demonstrated that the thermochromism is due to the synergy of anharmonic fluctuations with electron-phonon couplings, and the piezochromism arises from compression inducing a lattice distortion in 1. Our study provides insight into understanding the thermochromic and piezochromic mechanisms of cuprous halide-based hybrids, and paves a pathway for designing new multi-stimuli-responsive hybrid materials.
Keyphrases
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