Trends in epidemiology and outcomes of respiratory distress syndrome in the United States.

From 2003 to 2014, the assigned ICD9-RDS diagnosis, and utilization of NIMV increased and mortality among infants assigned the ICD9-RDS diagnosis decreased. With higher survival, hospital cost increased incrementally, indicating the importance of ongoing analysis of appropriate reimbursement for the care provided at tertiary centers for preterm infants.