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Human genetic history on the Tibetan Plateau in the past 5100 years.

Hongru WangMelinda A YangShargan WangdueHongliang LuHonghai ChenLinhui LiGuanghui DongTinley TsringHaibing YuanWei HeManyu DingXiaohong WuShuai LiNorbu TashiTsho YangFeng YangYan TongZujun ChenYuanhong HePeng CaoQingyan DaiFeng LiuXiaotian FengTianyi WangRuowei YangWanjing PingZhaoxia ZhangYang GaoMing ZhangXiaoji WangChao ZhangKai YuanAlbert Min-Shan KoMark Steven AldenderferXing GaoShuhua XuQiao-Mei Fu
Published in: Science advances (2023)
Using genome-wide data of 89 ancient individuals dated to 5100 to 100 years before the present (B.P.) from 29 sites across the Tibetan Plateau, we found plateau-specific ancestry across plateau populations, with substantial genetic structure indicating high differentiation before 2500 B.P. Northeastern plateau populations rapidly showed admixture associated with millet farmers by 4700 B.P. in the Gonghe Basin. High genetic similarity on the southern and southwestern plateau showed population expansion along the Yarlung Tsangpo River since 3400 years ago. Central and southeastern plateau populations revealed extensive genetic admixture within the plateau historically, with substantial ancestry related to that found in southern and southwestern plateau populations. Over the past ~700 years, substantial gene flow from lowland East Asia further shaped the genetic landscape of present-day plateau populations. The high-altitude adaptive EPAS1 allele was found in plateau populations as early as in a 5100-year-old individual and showed a sharp increase over the past 2800 years.
Keyphrases
  • genome wide
  • copy number
  • endothelial cells
  • gene expression
  • single cell
  • climate change
  • electronic health record
  • big data
  • deep learning