Novel Personalized Cancer Vaccine Using Tumor Extracellular Vesicles with Attenuated Tumorigenicity and Enhanced Immunogenicity.
Jihoon HanSeohyun KimYeong Ha HwangSeong A KimYeji LeeJihong KimSeongeon ChoJiwan WooCherlhyun JeongMinsu KwonGi-Hoon NamIn-San KimPublished in: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) (2024)
Cancer vaccines offer a promising avenue in cancer immunotherapy by inducing systemic, tumor-specific immune responses. Tumor extracellular vesicles (TEVs) are nanoparticles naturally laden with tumor antigens, making them appealing for vaccine development. However, their inherent malignant properties from the original tumor cells limit their direct therapeutic use. This study introduces a novel approach to repurpose TEVs as potent personalized cancer vaccines. The study shows that inhibition of both YAP and autophagy not only diminishes the malignancy-associated traits of TEVs but also enhances their immunogenic attributes by enriching their load of tumor antigens and adjuvants. These revamped TEVs, termed attenuated yet immunogenically potentiated TEVs (AI-TEVs), showcase potential in inhibiting tumor growth, both as a preventive measure and a possible treatment for recurrent cancers. They prompt a tumor-specific and enduring immune memory. In addition, by showing that AI-TEVs can counteract cancer growth in a personalized vaccine approach, a potential strategy is presented for developing postoperative cancer immunotherapy that's enduring and tailored to individual patients.
Keyphrases
- papillary thyroid
- immune response
- squamous cell
- oxidative stress
- end stage renal disease
- signaling pathway
- artificial intelligence
- cell death
- chronic kidney disease
- machine learning
- gene expression
- lymph node metastasis
- dendritic cells
- risk assessment
- newly diagnosed
- young adults
- dna methylation
- human health
- smoking cessation