Improvement of Glycaemia and Endothelial Function by a New Low-Dose Curcuminoid in an Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes.
Sara OliveiraTamaeh Monteiro-AlfredoRita HenriquesCarlos Fontes RibeiroRaquel SeiçaMaria Teresa CruzCélia CabralRosa FernandesM Fátima M PiedadeMaria Paula RobaloPaulo N MatafomeSónia SilvaPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Curcumin has been suggested as a promising treatment for metabolic diseases, but the high doses required limit its therapeutic use. In this study, a new curcuminoid is synthesised to increase curcumin anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential and to achieve hypoglycaemic and protective vascular effects in type 2 diabetic rats in a lower dose. In vitro, the anti-inflammatory effect was determined through the Griess reaction, and the antioxidant activity through ABTS and TBARS assays. In vivo, Goto-Kakizaki rats were treated for 2 weeks with the equimolar dose of curcumin (40 mg/kg/day) or curcuminoid (52.4 mg/kg/day). Fasting glycaemia, insulin tolerance, plasma insulin, insulin signalling, serum FFA, endothelial function and several markers of oxidative stress were evaluated. Both compounds presented a significant anti-inflammatory effect. Moreover, the curcuminoid had a marked hypoglycaemic effect, accompanied by higher GLUT4 levels in adipose tissue. Both compounds increased NO-dependent vasorelaxation, but only the curcuminoid exacerbated the response to ascorbic acid, consistent with a higher decrease in vascular oxidative and nitrosative stress. SOD1 and GLO1 levels were increased in EAT and heart, respectively. Altogether, these data suggest that the curcuminoid developed here has more pronounced effects than curcumin in low doses, improving the oxidative stress, endothelial function and glycaemic profile in type 2 diabetes.
Keyphrases
- type diabetes
- anti inflammatory
- oxidative stress
- diabetic rats
- low dose
- adipose tissue
- glycemic control
- insulin resistance
- dna damage
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- heart failure
- blood pressure
- atrial fibrillation
- electronic health record
- high fat diet
- metabolic syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- high dose
- blood glucose
- climate change
- risk assessment
- machine learning
- newly diagnosed
- combination therapy
- weight loss
- deep learning
- artificial intelligence
- stress induced