Digest: Understanding the evolution of sexual dichromatism also requires a female perspective.

The study of sexual dichromatism has generally focused on sexual selection for conspicuous males, ignoring the potential role played by selection in females. To address this problem, Price et al. (2023) took into account evolutionary changes in both males and females when investigating evolution of plumage dichromatism across the New World blackbirds (Icteridae). They found that sexual dichromatism was repeatedly and rapidly lost as females evolved male-like plumage traits. The evolutionary dynamics in plumage coloration were drastically different in males and females, highlighting the importance of considering both perspectives in trait evolution.