Enlarged occipital spur and craniofacial morphology: a cephalometric analysis.

Qiaoyu ChengXin XiongYaqi LiChuqiao XiaoSophie Lau Rui HanPeidi FanXueman ZhouJun Wang

Published in: Oral radiology (2023)

Males exhibit greater spur length than females. Patients under 18 had a shorter spur length than adults. Linear craniofacial measurements were found to be greater in subjects with EOS than the individuals with OS. The craniofacial growth and development of an individual might be associated with EOS. The causal relationship between EOS and craniofacial development requires further longitudinal studies.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
chronic kidney disease
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
prognostic factors
patient reported outcomes