Ultraprocessed food consumption and kidney function decline in a population-based cohort in the Netherlands.
Qingqing CaiMing-Jie DuanLouise H DekkerJuan Jesús CarreroCarla Maria AvesaniStephan J L BakkerMartin H de BorstGerjan J NavisPublished in: The American journal of clinical nutrition (2022)
Higher UPF consumption was associated with a higher risk of a composite kidney outcome (incident CKD or ≥30% eGFR decline) and a more rapid eGFR decline in the general population, independent of confounders and other dietary indices.