Gender Representation in the ECT Workforce in the United States From 2013 to 2021: A Medicare Physician Data Analysis.

Only a small subset of psychiatrists who bill Medicare provide ECT services, and female physicians are under-represented in the ECT workforce and among high-volume ECT providers. Improving workforce equity and with it access to ECT requires further study of psychiatric training and practice environment that may impose barriers on female participation as ECT providers.