Optimization of Charge Management And Energy Loss in All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells.

All-small-molecule organic solar cells (ASM-OSCs) have received tremendous attention in recent decades because of their advantages over their polymer counterparts. These advantages include well-defined chemical structures, easy purification, and negligible batch-to-batch variation. Remarkable progress with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 17% has recently been achieved with improved charge management (FF × J SC ) and reduced energy loss (E loss ). Morphology control is the key factor in the progress of ASM-OSCs, which remains a significant challenge because of the similarities in the molecular structures of the donors and acceptors. In this review, we summarize the effective strategies for charge management and/or E loss reduction from the perspective of effective morphology control. We aim to provide practical insights and guidance for material design and device optimization to promote further development of ASM-OSCs to a level where they can compete with or even surpass the efficiency of polymer solar cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.