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Long-term indoor gunshot exposure of special police forces induces bronchitic reactions and elevated blood lead levels-The Berlin shooting range study.

Christian WittCamilla KienastGeorg BölkeChristina HoffmannRobert RoehleOlaf BenderDennis NowakRudolf TauberHanns-Christian GungaPeter HoffmannAndrew J S CoatsUta Liebers
Published in: Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle (2022)
These first results suggest that long-term exposure to indoor gunshot emissions induces bronchitic reactions due to repeated irritation of the airways. Higher levels of exposure lead to more negatively impacted lung function and higher blood lead levels with the possible reason that more frequent exposure may mean shorter regeneration phases for the respiratory mucous membrane. We recommend a reduction of exposure to gunshot emissions in order to decrease symptoms and avoid any-even small-deterioration in spirometry.
Keyphrases
  • lung function
  • air pollution
  • cystic fibrosis
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • particulate matter
  • stem cells
  • risk assessment
  • municipal solid waste
  • life cycle
  • heavy metals