Rice straw waste-based green synthesis and characterizations investigation of Fe-MoS 2 -derived nanohybrid.

In present work, synthesis of a nanohybrid material using Fe and MoS 2 has been performed via a cost-effective and environmentally friendly route for sustainable manufacturing innovation. Rice straw extract was prepared and used as a reducing and chelating agent to synthesize the nanohybrid material by mixing it with molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and ferric nitrate [Fe (NO 3 ) 3 .9H 2 O], followed by heating and calcination. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the formation of a nanohybrid consisting of monoclinic Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3, cubic Fe 2.957 O 4 , and orthorhombic FeS with 86% consisting of Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 . The properties were analyzed through Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of the dynamic light scattering (DLS) study revealed a heterogeneous size distribution, with an average particle size of 48.42 nm for 18% of particles and 384.54 nm for 82% of particles. Additionally, the zeta potential was measured to be -18.88 mV, suggesting moderate stability. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirmed the presence of both Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ oxidation states along with the presence of Molybdenum (Mo), oxygen (O), and Sulphur (S). The prepared nanohybrid material exhibited a band gap of 2.95 eV, and the photoluminescence intensity increased almost twice that of bare MoS 2 . The present work holds potential applications in photo luminescent nanoplatform for biomedical applications.