Optimal mechanical properties of a scaffold for cartilage regeneration using finite element analysis.

The development of successful scaffolds for bone tissue engineering requires concurrent engineering that combines different research fields. In previous studies, phenomenological computational models predicted the mechanical properties of a scaffold in a simple loading condition using the mechano-regulation theory. Therefore, the aim of this study is to predict the mechanical properties of an optimum scaffold required for cartilage regeneration using three-dimensional knee joint developed from medical imaging and mechano-regulation theory. It was predicted that the scaffold with optimal mechanical properties would result in greater amounts of cartilage tissue formation than without a scaffold. The results demonstrated the ability of the algorithms to design optimized scaffolds with target properties and confirmed the applicability of set techniques for bone tissue engineering. The scaffolds were optimized to suit the site-specific loading requirements, and the results reveal a new approach for computational simulations in tissue engineering.