GC-MS-Based Metabolomics Study of Single- and Dual-Species Biofilms of Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Emilia GaldieroMaria Michela SalvatoreAngela MaioneElisabetta de AlteriisAndolfi AnnaFrancesco SalvatoreMarco GuidaPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae frequently co-exist within the human host as a complex biofilm community. These pathogens are of interest because their association is also related to significantly increased morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. With the aim of highlighting metabolic shifts occurring in the dual-species biofilm, an untargeted GC-MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to single and mixed biofilms of C. albicans and K. pneumoniae. Metabolomic results showed that among the extracellular metabolites identified, approximately 40 compounds had significantly changed relative abundance, mainly involving central carbon, amino acid, vitamin, and secondary metabolisms, such as serine, leucine, arabitol, phosphate, vitamin B6, cyclo-(Phe-Pro), trehalose, and nicotinic acid. The results were related to the strict interactions between the two species and the different microbial composition in the early and mature biofilms.
Keyphrases
- candida albicans
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- multidrug resistant
- biofilm formation
- escherichia coli
- mass spectrometry
- amino acid
- gram negative
- endothelial cells
- healthcare
- ms ms
- microbial community
- mental health
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- antibiotic resistance genes
- gas chromatography mass spectrometry
- cystic fibrosis
- protein kinase
- wastewater treatment
- gas chromatography
- respiratory tract
- solid phase extraction